The kernel

Cheat sheet

• uname -r kernel version (e.g. 6.8.0-45-generic)
• uname -a version + architecture + build date
• cat /proc/version the same info, from /proc
• cat /proc/cmdline parameters the kernel was booted with
• dmesg | tail latest kernel messages
• sysctl vm.swappiness current value of a kernel parameter
• ls /boot kernel files (vmlinuz) and initramfs