Linux Labs
Where to start First steps track · 15 stages
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Storage

From space diagnosis and mounting, through preparing a new disk, to logical volumes and data recovery.

11 stages8 labs~7 hours medium medium

Progress Stages: 0 of 11

The track has not been started. The first stage is «Out of space — which resource?», ~1 hour.

Start stage 1

Module 1

Disks and filesystems

Whether blocks or inodes ran out, what consumes the space, how to mount filesystems and fix fstab.

3 stages · ~2 hours

  1. Stage 1 of 11

    1 · Out of space — which resource?Out of space — which resource?

    8 steps · 2 labs · ~1 hour 8 steps · 2 labs · ~1 hour
    1. The report was not written exercises 0 of 1 on a machine 5 min
    2. 2 Space and file records on a machine 8 min
    3. 3 Size, blocks and the inode of one file on a machine 5 min
    4. 4 Who consumes the resource on a machine 6 min
    5. 5 When deletion does not free the space theory 5 min
    6. 6 Root partition is full easy lab 15 min
    7. 7 Find the actual space consumer medium lab 20 min
    8. 8 Summary summary 1 min
    Start stage 1
  2. Stage 2 of 11

    2 · Mounting and fstabMounting and fstab

    7 steps · 1 lab · ~50 min 7 steps · 1 lab · ~50 min
    1. The night report is gone exercises 0 of 1 on a machine 4 min
    2. 2 A directory and a mounted volume theory 5 min
    3. 3 An fstab entry on a machine 7 min
    4. 4 Checking the table and mounting on a machine 6 min
    5. 5 When the service has already written to the directory on a machine 7 min
    6. 6 /data is empty after a reboot medium lab 20 min
    7. 7 Summary summary 1 min
    Start stage 2
  3. 3 · Module test 10 questions · pass mark 70%

Module 2

A new disk

Why an attached disk is missing from df and will not mount, how to partition it with GPT, create a labelled ext4 and mount the partition by UUID with nofail.

2 stages · ~1 hour

  1. Stage 4 of 11

    4 · Partition, filesystem, mountPartition, filesystem, mount

    7 steps · 1 lab · ~55 min 7 steps · 1 lab · ~55 min
    1. The disk is there, but it will not mount exercises 0 of 1 on a machine 5 min
    2. 2 The partition table on a machine 9 min
    3. 3 The filesystem and its label on a machine 5 min
    4. 4 An fstab entry with nofail theory 5 min
    5. 5 A second partition on a disk in use on a machine 4 min
    6. 6 Move the data to a new disk medium lab 25 min
    7. 7 Summary summary 2 min
    Start stage 4
  2. 5 · Module test 6 questions · pass mark 70%

Module 3

Logical volumes

LVM layers and the free space of a group, growing a volume together with ext4 without data loss, and snapshots to roll back a whole volume or one file.

3 stages · ~2 hours

  1. Stage 6 of 11

    6 · Logical volumes and growing a filesystemLogical volumes and growing a filesystem

    7 steps · 1 lab · ~55 min 7 steps · 1 lab · ~55 min
    1. The volume is full, yet there is room exercises 0 of 1 on a machine 4 min
    2. 2 Device, group, volume on a machine 7 min
    3. 3 Extents and the final size theory 5 min
    4. 4 The volume and the filesystem grow separately on a machine 5 min
    5. 5 When only the volume grew on a machine 7 min
    6. 6 Grow the data volume medium lab 25 min
    7. 7 Summary summary 2 min
    Start stage 6
  2. Stage 7 of 11

    7 · LVM snapshots and rollbackLVM snapshots and rollback

    7 steps · 1 lab · ~55 min 7 steps · 1 lab · ~55 min
    1. The snapshot is smaller than the volume exercises 0 of 1 on a machine 5 min
    2. 2 A snapshot keeps only what changed theory 5 min
    3. 3 The snapshot's space on a machine 6 min
    4. 4 Rolling back the whole volume on a machine 5 min
    5. 5 When the whole volume must not roll back on a machine 7 min
    6. 6 Return a volume to a consistent snapshot medium lab 25 min
    7. 7 Summary summary 2 min
    Start stage 7
  3. 8 · Module test 10 questions · pass mark 70%

Module 4

Backups

What goes into a tar archive and how to check a restore, how rsync picks files, where --delete acts and how a mirror differs from a history of backups.

3 stages · ~2 hours

  1. Stage 9 of 11

    9 · The archive exists — now check the restoreThe archive exists — now check the restore

    7 steps · 1 lab · ~50 min 7 steps · 1 lab · ~50 min
    1. Checking the nightly copy exercises 0 of 1 on a machine 5 min
    2. 2 What goes into the archive theory 6 min
    3. 3 The listing before unpacking on a machine 5 min
    4. 4 Where a file lands theory 7 min
    5. 5 Comparing with the archive on a machine 5 min
    6. 6 Restore an app from a tar archive medium lab 20 min
    7. 7 Summary summary 2 min
    Start stage 9
  2. Stage 10 of 11

    10 · Rsync — mirrors, comparison and deletion boundariesRsync — mirrors, comparison and deletion boundaries

    8 steps · 1 lab · ~55 min 8 steps · 1 lab · ~55 min
    1. A sync without errors exercises 0 of 1 on a machine 4 min
    2. 2 How rsync picks files theory 5 min
    3. 3 The plan before the run on a machine 6 min
    4. 4 Removing extras from the copy theory 5 min
    5. 5 Fix the copy on a machine 4 min
    6. 6 Mirrors and backup history theory 4 min
    7. 7 Bring a directory mirror up to date (rsync) medium lab 25 min
    8. 8 Summary summary 2 min
    Start stage 10
  3. 11 · Module test 10 questions · pass mark 70%

  1. Final lab

    Grow the data volume ~25 min
  2. Final test 18 questions · pass mark 80%

What to know beforehand

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